Silicon Dioxide - What is it?

What is Silicon Dioxide?

Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is a common ingredient in many industries, including food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.

Silicon dioxide is commonly manufactured through the high-temperature melting and cooling of silicon dioxide-rich rocks or minerals, such as quartz or sand. In the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries, the typical manufacture of silicon dioxide occurs via a synthetic process, creating the compound from silica gel or sodium silicate. These processes vary based on the final application for Silicon Dioxide. For example, in the food and beverage industry, silicon dioxide may undergo additional processing to ensure it meets regulatory requirements for safety and purity.

In the food and beverage industry, silicon dioxide is an anti-caking agent preventing powders and granulated products from clumping. It is also a thickener, stabilizer, and emulsifier in products like salad dressings, sauces, and soft drinks. Silicon dioxide is approved as a food additive in the UK by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and is considered safe for human consumption.

For Pharmaceutical Industry applications, silicon dioxide is an excipient (binds active ingredients) in medications. Additionally, silicon dioxide is used as a desiccant to absorb moisture and prevent spoilage in medications and dietary supplements. The use of silicon dioxide in pharmaceuticals is regulated in the UK and must meet certain quality and safety standards.

Silicon dioxide is also used in cosmetic products in the UK as an abrasive in toothpaste and exfoliating scrubs, as well as a thickener and anti-caking agent. Industrial applications use silicon dioxide as a reinforcing filler in rubber and plastic products and a polishing agent in the production of glass and ceramics.